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An appropriations statute directs that $300 million be spent on planting wildflowers along public highways. Considering the statute to be a waste of money, the President has announced two decisions. First, he will spend half of the money to train troops. Second, he will retain the remaining funds in the federal treasury and not spend them at all.
A federal statute provides that the President must expend all funds appropriated by Congress, and that appropriated funds must be used only for the purposes named in the relevant appropriations act.
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A is incorrect. Neither decision is constitutional. Under the Take Care Clause, the President must take care that the laws be faithfully executed. In this case, the federal statute states that the funds must be used to plant wildflowers, not deposited in the federal treasury or used to train troops. Further, the Appropriations Clause of Article I states that federal spending must be authorized by Congress, and here, Congress authorized the money to be used for planting wildflowers.
B is incorrect. The Appropriations Clause of Article I states that federal spending must be authorized by Congress. Here, Congress authorized by statute that the money be used to plant wildflowers. Thus, the President's decision to spend the money to train federal troops is unconstitutional as it violates the Appropriations Clause.
C is incorrect. The federal statute in this case states that all appropriated funds must be spent. Therefore, the President's decision to retain funds in the treasury is unconstitutional.