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7. This act of Congress is
Congress passed a bill prohibiting the President from granting a pardon to any person who had not served at least one-third of the sentence imposed by the court which convicted that person. The President vetoed the bill, claiming that it was unconstitutional. Nevertheless, Congress passed it over his veto by a two-thirds vote of each house.
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A is incorrect. Although Congress may usually enact laws that the President has vetoed by a two-thirds majority vote, Congress may not take power away from the President that the Constitution grants.
B is incorrect. The power to grant pardons is not a congressional power; rather, it is solely an executive power.
D is incorrect. There is no such rule for vetoes on unconstitutional grounds. The Constitution can be amended when a proposed amendment, passed by two-thirds of both houses of Congress, is ratified by three-fourths of the states, but that was not the scenario in this problem.